Pi Graph

None needed.

On a piece of paper, create a chart like the one below. Measure the diameter of each object and record it on the chart. Then—using a piece of string wrapped around the object—measure the circumference, and record it on the chart.

On your graph paper, plot the points that represent each object, where the x coordinate is the diameter and the y coordinate is the circumference. (If you’re doing this with other people, you might want to combine all your data points on a large piece of graph paper.)

Draw a best-fit straight line that goes through the points. Not all points will touch, but you can estimate the line in space that the points seem to best cluster around.

Calculate the slope of the line by choosing a point on the line and dividing the y coordinate by the x coordinate.

In this Snack, the points you plot for different circles or cylinders should form a straight line, which indicates that there’s something constant in the linear relationship between any circle’s diameter and circumference.

This constant of proportionality is called the slope of the line. When you divided the y coordinate (circumference) by the x coordinate (diameter), you should have found something close to the value of pi, one of the most important mathematical constants.

Pi, which is defined by the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter and expressed with the Greek symbol π, is approximately 3.14. This relationship is often represented as the formula for a circle’s circumference: c = π*d.